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Stream database changes in real-time with Prisma Pulse

Summary: Prisma Pulse subscribes to Lakebase Postgres change events via logical replication and streams inserts, updates, and deletes to your backend in real time using the @prisma/extension-pulse package. Use this guide when you need event-driven triggers on database changes, such as firing Inngest workflows or re-indexing search, without polling. Enabling logical replication sets wal_level=logical project-wide and is irreversible; Prisma 7 requires the PrismaNeon driver adapter.

Stream database changes in real-time with Prisma Pulse

Section titled “Stream database changes in real-time with Prisma Pulse”

Learn how to create event-driven flows on your backend triggered by changes in your database

Neon's Logical Replication feature enables you to subscribe to changes in your database, supporting things like replication or creating event-driven functionality.

Prisma Pulse is a fully managed, production-ready service that connects to your Lakebase Postgres database, and allows you to stream changes from your database in real-time, integrated closely with Prisma ORM.

In this guide, you will learn how to set up Prisma Pulse with your Neon database and create your first event stream.

Tip: What can you make with database event-driven architecture?

Set up real-time triggers for your Inngest workflows, re-index your TypeSense search whenever data changes, and much more.

Important: Compute and billing

Replication keeps compute active (no scale to zero) while subscribers are connected, which can increase your bill. See Important notices about logical replication in Neon.

Important: Enabling logical replication modifies the Postgres wal_level configuration parameter, changing it from replica to logical for all databases in your Neon project. Once the wal_level setting is changed to logical, it cannot be reverted. Enabling logical replication also restarts all computes in your Neon project, meaning active connections will be dropped and have to reconnect.

To enable logical replication in Neon:

  1. Select your project in the Neon Console.
  2. On the Neon Dashboard, select Project settings.
  3. Select Beta.
  4. Click Enable to enable logical replication.

You can verify that logical replication is enabled by running the following query from the Neon SQL Editor:

SQL
SHOW wal_level;
 wal_level
-----------
 logical
  1. If you haven't already done so, create a new account or sign in on the Prisma Data Platform.
  2. In the Prisma Data Platform Console create a new project by clicking the New project button.
  3. In the New project configuration, select Pulse as your starting point.
  4. Copy your database connection string from Neon into the database connection input field on the Platform Console. Use a direct connection to your compute endpoint, not a pooled connection. Logical replication requires a persistent connection and is not compatible with connection poolers, so make sure the connection string does not include -pooler in the hostname. See Connection pooling.
  5. Choose a region that is closest to your Neon database.
  6. Click Create project.
  7. We recommend leaving Event persistence switched on (default). This means Prisma Pulse will automatically store events in the case your server goes down, allowing you to resume again with zero data loss.
  8. Click Enable Pulse.
  9. After Pulse has been enabled (this may take a moment), generate an API key by clicking Generate API key. Save this for later.

Create a new TypeScript project with Prisma:

npx try-prisma -t typescript/starter

If you already have a TypeScript project with Prisma client installed, you can skip this.

From the root of your project, install the Pulse extension

Section titled “From the root of your project, install the Pulse extension”
Bash
npm install @prisma/extension-pulse@latest

Extend your Prisma Client instance with the Pulse extension

Section titled “Extend your Prisma Client instance with the Pulse extension”

Add the following to extend your existing Prisma Client instance with the Prisma Pulse extension.

TSX
import 'dotenv/config';
import { PrismaClient } from '@prisma/client';
import { PrismaNeon } from '@prisma/adapter-neon';
import { withPulse } from '@prisma/extension-pulse';

const adapter = new PrismaNeon({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL });
const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter }).$extends(
  withPulse({ apiKey: process.env.PULSE_API_KEY })
);

Note: In Prisma 7, you must use a driver adapter since the url property is no longer supported in the schema file. See Connect from Prisma to Neon for complete setup instructions.

The code below subscribes to a User model in your Prisma schema. You can use a similar approach to subscribe to any model that exists in your project.

TSX
import 'dotenv/config';
import { PrismaClient } from '@prisma/client';
import { PrismaNeon } from '@prisma/adapter-neon';
import { withPulse } from '@prisma/extension-pulse';

const adapter = new PrismaNeon({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL });
const prisma = new PrismaClient({ adapter }).$extends(
  withPulse({ apiKey: process.env.PULSE_API_KEY })
);

async function main() {
  // Create a stream from the 'User' model
  const stream = await prisma.user.stream({ name: 'user-stream' });

  for await (const event of stream) {
    console.log('Just received an event:', event);
  }
}

main();

You can use Prisma Studio to easily make changes in your database, to trigger events. Open Prisma Studio by running: npx prisma studio

After making a change in Studio, you should see messages appearing in your terminal like this:

Bash
Just received an event: {
  action: 'create',
  created: {
    id: 'clzvgzq4b0d016s28yluse9r1',
    name: 'Polly Pulse',
    age: 35
  },
  id: '01J5BCFR8F8DBJDXAQ5YJPZ6VY',
  modelName: 'User'
}


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